Introducction#

The Web#

The Web is a service deployed over Internet.

• The main file in the Web is the HTML.
• The Web is supported by HTTP over TCP/IP.
• The Web is standardised by W3C since 1994.

The Web has evolved from PC Era to Web 4.0.

Web 1.0#

Started in 1991.

People connecting to servers.

• Static webs.
• Few content producers / Many readers.
• Preduced interaction.

Tecnologies:#

• HTTP as application protocol.
• HTML as information document.

Web 2.0#

Started in 2004.

People connecting to people.

• Blogs and social networks began.
• Sharing contents.
• Communities.

Tecnologies#

• XHTML and CSS to data presentation.
• DOM for interactivity.
• XML and XSLT for information sharing.
• JavaScript and Ajax.

Web 3.0#

Started in 2010.

Semantic web.

• Software capable of process, reason and logic deduction.
• Well-labeled information.

Tecnologies#

• OWL-S for ontology.
• SPARQL for DB queries.

Web 4.0#

Started in 2020.

Distributed resources.

• Configurable services.
• Massively scalable services.
• Cloud computing, portability, IoT, AI and DL.
• New interfaces (i.e. voice interfaces).

Web applications#

This has been the evolution of web applications:

• Document centric: Static HTML.
• Interactive: Dynamic HTML generation.
• Transactional: DB queries and transactions.
• Workflow-based: To manage workflows across departments, organisations and companies, etc.
• Collaborative: Shared projects and information.
• Portal-oriented (Website): Offers a broad array of resources and services—usually related.
• Ubiquitous: Services to be accessed anywhere and anytime.
• Knowledge based: Personalized based on data.
• Cloud computing: Computing and storage as a service.